Civilization Specifics of the Soviet and Modern Russia

Abstract

The article deals with the analysis the problem of civilization ownership of Russia. It is solved on the basis of use of the author's (institutional) version of civilization approach. According to it, the history Russia had three civilization embodiments: "an orthodox civilization", "a hybrid civilization moderny like" Romanov' empires and the "Soviet civilization" representing special type of industrial development. The paper analyzes the objective and subjective prerequisites of formation in the Soviet Russia "administrative – command" ("party – state") models of socialism, the reason of its support by most of party members and considerable part of the people. Such is specifics of transition to socialism of all societies of agrarian and agrarian-industrial type, with undeveloped democratic traditions and institutes, economy and low cultural level of most of workers inherent in them. Modern Russia, certainly inherits it. But it doesn’t has political and religious metaideology uniting the people, and in contrast to the United States, it doesn’t claim on global domination. More likely, it represents civilization to a pseudomorphosis, fancifully combining elements of antiquity, the Soviet past and the preset.